Write a 2- to 3- page paper that addresses the following: Describe the categories of antimicrobial agents. Describe differences between viral and bacterial infections. Explain why proper identification of viral and bacterial infections is key to selecting the proper antimicrobial agent:
Antimicrobial agents are substances that can kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. They are used to treat infections and to prevent the spread of infections. There are several categories of antimicrobial agents, including:
Antibiotics: These are antimicrobial agents that specifically target bacteria. They work by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria, or by killing them outright. There are several different classes of antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides.
Antivirals: These are antimicrobial agents that specifically target viruses. They work by inhibiting the reproduction of viruses, or by killing them outright. Antivirals are used to treat viral infections such as influenza.
Antimycobacterials: These are antimicrobial agents that specifically target mycobacteria, a type of bacteria that includes the causative agent of tuberculosis. They work by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of mycobacteria, or by killing them outright. Antimycobacterials are used to treat infections caused by mycobacteria, such as tuberculosis and leprosy.
Antiseptics: These are antimicrobial agents that are applied to the skin or mucous membranes to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. They are often used to prevent infections in wounds, or to clean the skin before a medical procedure. Examples of antiseptics include alcohol, chlorhexidine, and iodine.
Disinfectants: These are antimicrobial agents that are used to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms on inanimate objects, such as surfaces, equipment, and instruments. They are often used in hospitals and other healthcare settings to prevent the spread of infections. Examples of disinfectants include bleach, quaternary ammonium compounds, and hydrogen peroxide.
