Mr. Sweet, 38 years old, is brought to the Emergency Department unresponsive. He has a history of Type 1 diabetes and has been sick for the last 3 days. On admission his Blood sugar is 532, Potassium is 7.2 and ABG results include pH 7.08, Bicarb 12, and CO2 28. His VS are HR 116, BP 107/64, RR 36 Deep and rapid, and Temp 101.5. Answer the following questions:
What interventions do expect to be ordered for Mr. Sweet? Why?
What type of acid-base disturbance does he have?
What do you think is Mr. Sweet’s Medical Diagnosis?
At least 150 words.
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It appears that Mr. Sweet is experiencing severe hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and is likely in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). His blood sugar level of 532 is significantly elevated and his potassium level of 7.2 is low, which can be seen in DKA. His ABG results also suggest an acidosis, with a pH of 7.08 and a bicarbonate level of 12.
The primary interventions that would be ordered for Mr. Sweet would likely include insulin therapy to lower his blood sugar and correct the acidosis, as well as intravenous (IV) fluids to correct his electrolyte imbalances and hydration status. He may also receive electrolyte replacements, such as potassium, to correct his low potassium levels. His vital signs suggest that he is experiencing some level of respiratory distress, so he may also receive oxygen therapy.
Based on his ABG results, Mr. Sweet appears to have a metabolic acidosis, which is characterized by an excess of acid in the body and a low pH. This can be caused by several factors, including an excess of ketones (as seen in DKA), kidney failure, or ingestion of toxic substances.
Given the information provided, it is likely that Mr. Sweet’s medical diagnosis is DKA, which is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body is unable to use glucose as an energy source and begins to break down fat for energy instead. This results in the production of excess ketones, which can lead to a metabolic acidosis. Other symptoms of DKA may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, confusion, and difficulty breathing. DKA can be life-threatening if not promptly treated, so it is important that Mr. Sweet receives timely and appropriate medical care.
