1.In FtM (Female to Male) transgender hormone treatment, why is there an increased risk of breast cancer in remaining tissue?(1 Point)
2.What is amenorrhea? Describe at least 3 causes, besides pregnancy, including molecular/hormone involvement.(1 Point)
3.Female reproductive cancers include breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer. What are the most common causes of each of these types of cancer?(1 Point)
4.Compare and contrast obstructive vs non-obstructive causes of male infertility. Provide examples of each, including their causes.
5.What is the main treatment for prostate cancer, including some side effects of the treatment?(1 Point)
6.What is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?(1 Point)
7.What are the signs and symptoms of PID?(1 Point
)8.What are the Causes of PID?(1 Point)
9.What are the risk factors for PID?
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In FtM transgender hormone treatment, there is an increased risk of breast cancer in remaining tissue because the treatment usually involves the use of testosterone. Testosterone therapy can lead to an increase in the amount of estrogen produced in the body through a process called aromatization. This can cause an imbalance in the ratio of estrogen to testosterone, which can increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
Amenorrhea is the absence of menstrual periods. Three causes of amenorrhea, besides pregnancy, include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothalamic amenorrhea, and premature ovarian failure. PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects the ovaries, causing irregular periods or no periods at all. Hypothalamic amenorrhea occurs when the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that controls the menstrual cycle, is not functioning properly. Premature ovarian failure occurs when the ovaries stop functioning before the age of 40.
The most common causes of breast cancer are genetic mutations, hormonal factors, and environmental factors such as exposure to radiation. The most common causes of ovarian cancer are genetic mutations and family history. The most common cause of cervical cancer is human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
Obstructive causes of male infertility occur when there is a blockage in the male reproductive tract, preventing sperm from being ejaculated. Examples include vasectomy, epididymal blockage, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. Non-obstructive causes of male infertility occur when there is a problem with sperm production. Examples include testicular failure, varicocele, and hormonal imbalances.
The main treatment for prostate cancer is surgery, radiation therapy, or hormone therapy. Side effects of these treatments may include erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, and bowel problems.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It is typically caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI), such as chlamydia or gonorrhea.
Signs and symptoms of PID may include pelvic pain, fever, abnormal vaginal discharge, painful urination, and pain during sex.
Causes of PID include sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, as well as other types of bacteria that can infect the reproductive tract.
Risk factors for PID include having multiple sexual partners, a history of sexually transmitted infections, douching, and using an intrauterine device (IUD) for birth control.
