Organizational theory
Organizational theory and behavior are two interrelated fields of study that aim to understand and improve the performance and well-being of individuals, groups, and organizations. In this article, we will describe the main goals of these disciplines and how they can benefit managers, employees, and society.
What are organizational theory and behavior?
Organizational theory is the sociological study of the structures and operations of social organizations, such as companies, bureaucracies, and non-governmental organizations. It examines how organizations are designed, how they function, how they interact with their environment, and how they change over time1. Organizational theory draws on concepts and methods from various disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, and political science2.
Organizational behavior is the psychological study of the behavior and attitudes of individuals and groups within organizations. It investigates how people perceive, feel, think, learn, communicate, collaborate, lead, and influence in organizational settings3. Organizational behavior also explores how organizational factors, such as culture, climate, structure, policies, rewards, and leadership, affect human behavior and outcomes4.
What are the goals of organizational theory and behavior?
The main goals of organizational theory and behavior are to:
Explain and predict organizational phenomena. Organizational theory and behavior use scientific methods to test hypotheses and theories about various aspects of organizational life. For example, they may examine how organizational structure affects innovation5, how diversity influences team performance6, or how leadership styles impact employee satisfaction.
Provide practical solutions for organizational problems. Organizational theory and behavior apply their findings and principles to help organizations improve their effectiveness and efficiency. For example, they may suggest ways to design optimal work environments, implement effective change strategies, or enhance employee motivation and engagement.
Contribute to social welfare and human development. Organizational theory and behavior recognize that organizations have a significant impact on society and individuals. Therefore, they seek to promote ethical, responsible, and sustainable organizational practices that benefit not only the organization but also its stakeholders and the broader community. For example, they may advocate for corporate social responsibility, diversity and inclusion, or employee well-being.
Conclusion
Organizational theory and behavior are important fields of study that help us understand and improve the functioning of organizations and the people within them. By combining insights from various disciplines, they offer a comprehensive perspective on the complex dynamics of organizational life. By applying their knowledge and skills to real-world situations, they provide valuable guidance for managers, employees, and society.
References
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: Shore LM et al (2018). Diversity And Inclusion In Organizations: A Multilevel Perspective. Academy Of Management Annals 12(1): 39-79.
: Wright TA et al (2003). Psychological Well-Being And Job Satisfaction As Predictors Of Job Performance. Journal Of Occupational Health Psychology 8(1): 94-103.
