Academic Session 2021/2022 January 2022 Semester
CASE STUDY
BLC301/03 Operations Administration
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. This task consists of a CASE STUDY adopted by FOUR (four) questions. You
must reply ALL the questions.
2. You’re allowed a most of 1 (1) try to submit your task.
three. Accomplished task have to be submitted by 20th February 2022.
Copyright © 2022 WOU
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Case Research Learn the next case and reply all of the questions that comply with.
Synthetic Intelligence in Medication
The way forward for ‘customary’ medical observe is perhaps right here prior to anticipated, the place
a affected person may see a pc earlier than seeing a physician. By way of advances in synthetic
intelligence (AI), it seems potential for the times of misdiagnosis and treating illness
signs reasonably than their root trigger to maneuver behind us.
DID you already know that should you ever wanted surgical procedure for a uncommon situation, you may be
operated on by a extremely specialised surgeon sitting in an workplace greater than 10,000km
away? Such a situation is feasible at present with robotic surgical procedure.
Robotic surgical procedure was first launched to the world in 2000 (and got here to Malaysia solely
three years later). It was pioneered within the area of urological most cancers surgical procedures equivalent to
prostate most cancers surgical procedures, adopted by kidney and bladder most cancers surgical procedures. This
methodology then made its strategy to different areas like useful and reconstructive surgical procedures
equivalent to pelvic organ prolapse and extreme urinary incontinence utilizing mesh or synthetic
urinary sphincter. The strategy is now gaining traction in different surgical disciplines such
as colorectal, ENT, cardiothoracic and gynaecology.
Robotic surgical procedure brings many benefits. It has enabled surgeons to “see” higher,
achieve higher entry to constructions, enhance dexterity, cut back tremor, and have the ability to
function in higher consolation, particularly throughout sophisticated surgical procedures. It permits
the surgeon to suture with higher ease as a result of higher diploma of movement it permits.
In the end, it has saved working time and resulted in higher operative methods.
At the moment, there are already greater than 5,600 robots in 67 international locations with greater than
7,200,000 procedures carried out. About 80 % of prostate most cancers surgical procedures are
carried out robotically within the US and 70 % within the UK.
In line with an article revealed within the “Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic
Surgical procedure” journal, in 2019, a mathematical mannequin was created to check robotic and
customary laparoscopic procedures, and to find out the more practical surgical
therapy from a affected person’s viewpoint. The robotic method clearly stood out because the
most well-liked possibility in two of the studied surgical procedures (prostate and lung).
On the identical time, 72 research have evaluated varied robotic surgical procedures and concluded
that they have been related to decreased morbidity, much less blood loss, decreased hospital
stays, and comparable scientific outcomes when held towards the corresponding open
procedures.
Additionally they supply a shorter operative length and a sooner studying curve in comparison with
laparoscopic strategies.
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One of many improvements launched in robotic surgical procedure just lately, and which has taken it
to a different stage, is augmented actuality (AR). AR permits us to visualise how a real-life
atmosphere seems like with a digital augmentation overlaid on it.
A easy instance of an AR programme is one that enables an inside designer to
visualise how a room would appear to be when it’s full of the specified furnishings and
fittings.
AR helps in remotely guided operations, the place an knowledgeable situated in a single a part of the
world can visually information surgeons in one other continent to carry out surgical procedures in actual
time and with out the need of being bodily current.
It’s also used as a platform for educating, the place junior surgeons can study the
intricacies of surgical procedures with out crowding an precise surgical procedure and danger
breaching the sterility of the operation theatre.
The true benefit of AR is that it will possibly permit even advanced operations to happen
at a second’s discover minus the effort of journey.
Regardless of the affected person’s location, she or he will get the most effective experience out there even
when the realm is just not instantly accessible. In the end, which means procedures
are safer, guided correctly and sufferers obtain the most effective care potential. Improvements like
these erase boundaries and remove logistical obstacles to good medical therapy.
Sufferers now not want to attend for lengthy intervals or make intensive journeys to get the
Help they want. Aided by the newest cellular instruments and devices, a marketing consultant surgeon
can ship sophisticated surgical procedures from anyplace on the planet, permitting sufferers to
obtain the most effective therapy with out ever leaving their hometowns.
Advances in computational energy paired with huge quantities of knowledge generated in
healthcare programs make many scientific issues ripe for AI functions. Under are
two current functions of correct and clinically related algorithms that may profit
each sufferers and docs by means of making prognosis extra simple.
The primary of those algorithms is without doubt one of the a number of present examples of an algorithm
that outperforms docs in picture classification duties. Within the fall of 2018, researchers
at Seoul Nationwide College Hospital and Faculty of Medication developed an AI
algorithm referred to as DLAD (Deep Studying based mostly Computerized Detection) to analyse chest
radiographs and detect irregular cell development, equivalent to potential cancers. The
algorithm’s efficiency was in comparison with a number of doctor’s detection skills on
the identical pictures and outperformed 17 of 18 docs.
Up to now, algorithms in medication have proven many potential advantages to each docs
and sufferers. Nevertheless, regulating these algorithms is a tough job. The U.S. Meals
and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted some Helpive algorithms, however no
common approval tips at present exist. On high of that, the folks creating
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algorithms to make use of within the clinic aren’t at all times the docs that deal with sufferers, thus in some
instances, computationalists would possibly must study extra about medication whereas clinicians
would possibly must study in regards to the duties a particular algorithm is or isn’t effectively suited to.
Tailored Sources:
Greenfield, D. (2019). Synthetic Intelligence in Medication: Functions, implications,
and limitations. Science within the Information.
https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2019/artificial-intelligence-in-medicine-
applications-implications-and-limitations/
Lo, W. H. L. (2021). Robotic surgical procedure. Information Straits Occasions. https://www.msn.com/en-
my/well being/different/robotic-surgery/ar-BB1dF3L9?ocid=msedgdhp
Question Assignment 1
Differentiate operations in a surgical theatre from operations of a fast service restaurant.
(30 marks) Question Assignment 2
Clarify the rationale behind the explanation(s) why hospitals are investing in robotic session.
(20 marks)
Question Assignment three Recommend FOUR (four) efficiency indices to measure high quality or effectivity of AI medical session. It’s a must to describe how info is collected, interpreted and utilized.
(20 marks) Question Assignment four Describe the challenges hospitals might face once they change from bodily session to AI session.
(30 marks)
END OF QUESTION PAPER
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Academic Yr 2021/2022 Semester starting in January 2022
STUDY OF A CASE
Operations Administration (BLC301/03)
CANDIDATES’ INSTRUCTIONS:
1. This venture is made up of a CASE STUDY and FOUR (four) questions. You
You could reply to ALL of the questions.
2. You’re solely given one (1) try to submit your venture.
three. Accomplished task have to be submitted by 20th February 2022.
Copyright © 2022 WOU
Web page 2 of four BLC301/03
Case Research Learn the next case and reply all of the questions that comply with.
Synthetic Intelligence in Medication
The way forward for ‘customary’ medical observe is perhaps right here prior to anticipated, the place
a affected person may see a pc earlier than seeing a physician. By way of advances in synthetic
intelligence (AI), it seems potential for the times of misdiagnosis and treating illness
signs reasonably
