Posted: November 29th, 2022

Compare and contrast Egyptian and Greek temples

Write to Answer those questions, each question should answer with at least 300 words for each. 1/ TEMPLES: Compare and contrast Egyptian and Greek temples. How do the functions of the Greek temple affect its architectural design? 2/ FRIEZE: Compare and contrast the frieze from the Parthenon (Fig. 3.7) with the frieze from the Great Altar of Zeus at Pergamum (Fig. 3.25). How do these friezes reflect the differing values of these two societies? 3/ RULERS: Compare and contrast the achievements of the Emperor Ashoka and the Emperor Shinuangdi. Who was the more effective ruler? Who made the more lasting contribution to world culture? ****Write to answer those questions, each question should answer with at least 100 words for each 1/ PHILOSOPHY: The Greeks are credited with developing philosophy. How did philosophy impact Greek culture? 2/ WRITING: Why is the development of writing the most important product of this period? Do you believe early civilizations gave the development of writing the same importance that we attach to it? 3/ ROME VS AMERICA: People concerned about the decline of American culture often point out the similarities between the decline of Rome and the decline of America. Is this a valid comparison? Consider the following factors from your text as causes of Rome’s decline: The growing power and changing character of the army The division of the Empire and the establishment of a new capital at Constantinople Increasing threats from outside, from Barbarian tribes such as the Huns and Goths The weakening of the economy through increased taxes, monetary depreciation, and reduced international trade The assumption of semi-divine status by the emperor The introduction of new religious cults and the triumph of Christianity Are there similar factors that you could list that are signs of the decline of American culture? Do you think this is a valid comparison—Rome’s decline and America’s decline? Why or why not? 4/ CLASSICAL: What role did the Peloponnesian War play in ending the Classical era? 5/ PROPHET: Why might a prophet be reluctant to follow his or her calling? What modern day prophets can you think of and what challenges have they encountered? 6/ CONFUCIANISM: Do you think Confucianism is a philosophy or a religion? What is the difference between a philosophy and a religion?
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Notes:
Temples have always been an important part of civilizations throughout history. Though they differ in religion, design, and even whether or not they are called temples, all notable cultures have constructed religious structures. This frequent occurrence provides an excellent opportunity to compare cultures. The Ancient Near East, Egyptian, Biblical Israel, and Greek cultures, in particular, are excellent examples of changing times and civilizations. Many similarities emerge when function, location, construction, architectural designs, decoration, and role in society are considered. The many differences also serve to highlight the distinct characteristics of each era.
Some of the most striking similarities exist between temple functions. Temples in Greece and Egypt each housed a statue of a god or goddess. They were designed to be literal homes for the gods. The Egyptian Temple of Amun-Re at Karnak (c. 1500-1300 B.C.) contains a statue of Amun in the temple's sanctuary, whereas the Greek Temple of Hera I at Paestum, Italy (c. 550 B.C.) contains a statue of Hera. The temples of Greece and Biblical Israel were also similar. Sacrifices were frequently performed in the temple's outdoor area. The Old Near Eastern... more content...
Relief sculpting can be found in Greek, Egyptian, and Biblical Israel. Their depictions, however, differed. Egyptian reliefs depicted gods and kings, whereas Greek temples depicted gods and soldiers. Naturalistic sculpture, flowers, and leafing could be found in Israel. Both Greek and Egyptian temples would have reliefs on some of the columns, with Greeks carving more commonly on the frieze. The Greek, Egyptian, and Israeli temples all had statues, which were usually the focal point of the structure. Unlike the others, Near East temples were rarely decorated. These temples were more functionally oriented, as evidenced by the White Temple (Uruk, Iraq, c. 3200-3000).