BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments
BHA-FPX 4112 Assessment 1 Instructions: Health Production Function
Write a 2-4-page executive summary recommending resource investment in a program based on its potential to deliver positive health and economic outcomes.
The Health Production Function is a concept that describes the relationship between health and various inputs, such as medical care, lifestyle choices, and economic and social factors. It is often used to evaluate the potential impact of different health programs and policies.
Based on the Health Production Function, investing in a program that focuses on improving access to medical care and promoting healthy lifestyle choices is likely to lead to positive health outcomes. Additionally, such a program can also have positive economic effects, such as decreased healthcare costs and increased productivity.
A specific program that could be considered for investment is a community health center program. Community health centers provide primary care services to underserved populations, including low-income individuals and those living in rural areas. These centers often offer a range of services, including preventative care, chronic disease management, and access to specialists.
Investing in community health centers can have a significant impact on the health of the population they serve. Studies have shown that individuals who have access to community health centers have better health outcomes, including lower rates of hospitalization and emergency department visits. Additionally, community health centers can help to reduce healthcare costs by providing preventative care and managing chronic conditions.
Furthermore, community health centers can also have positive economic effects. They can help to create jobs in the communities they serve and can also lead to increased productivity, as individuals with access to primary care are more likely to be healthy and able to work.
Investing in a community health center program is likely to lead to positive health and economic outcomes. The program can improve access to medical care and promote healthy lifestyle choices, leading to better health outcomes and decreased healthcare costs. Additionally, it can also have positive economic effects, such as job creation and increased productivity. Therefore, it is recommended to invest in this program.
As a health care professional, you must have a foundational, high-level understanding of health care economics:
One part of this foundation comes from understanding:
The basic laws of economics as they apply to the health care industry.
How the health care system creates unique economic challenges and burdens on all stakeholders.
Another part of this foundation comes from understanding:
The history and trends in health care economics around such topics as the role of the government and government programs such as Medicare and Medicaid.
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Trends in patient payments.
The resulting changes in health care expenditures, as well as areas for improvement in the health care system (Feldstein, 2012).
Another key is understanding the concepts and processes involved in the production of health care: Multiple inputs influence health and wellness.
Medical care is only one input, although a significant one.
The health production function and decision rules for allocating health care resources is a key component of the first assessment in this course. For this assessment, think about the ways in which health production efficiency, both technical and economical, can help drive decisions on the allocation of resources (inputs) to drive improved patient health and results (outcomes) (Feldstein, 2012).
Reference
Feldstein, P. J. (2012). Health care economics (7th ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
Competency 1: Analyze historical perspectives and current trends in the health care industry.
Describe the current state of a health care organization with regards to alignments to historical health care industry trends. Explain how a health care organization needs to change to better align itself with current trends in the health care industry. BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments
Competency 3: Analyze the evolving economic reimbursement trends, methods, and technology.
Analyze two current programs in a health care setting with regards to the inputs required to operate and its outputs with regards to health outcome rates and patients served.
Competency 4: Analyze how economic and stakeholder influences affect operational planning and decision making.
Propose whether to reallocate, maintain, or increase funding for current programs based upon available resources and projects outputs. Explain how opinions and agendas of stakeholders influence decisions related to the funding of programs in a health care setting.
Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is
consistent with expectations for health care professionals.
Write following APA style for in-text citation, quotes, and references.
Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
Professional Context
The ability to research, examine, and determine the most efficient ways to allocate resources in order to produce to best health outcomes is a key competency for health care economic professionals. In the complex field of health care, there will always be multiple ways and multiple programs in which an organization can invest resources. It is the health care economics professional’s responsibility to examine the cost of the inputs in comparison to the historic or projected output of health and then make recommendations regarding investment. Looking at investment is not always entirely about the amount of positive outputs—technical efficiency, economic efficiency, and stakeholder priorities will all also play a part (Feldstein, 2012). Being able to not only understand and crunch the numbers, but also navigate these other considerations, is vital in becoming an effective health care economics professional.
Scenario
You are a health care economics professional with specific expertise in using a health production function to allocate resources. A member of the Board of Directors has asked you to prepare an executive summary that will help the board understand the current practices of the organization and where the organization should align itself in light of current and emerging trends. Additionally, you have been asked to analyze the inputs and outputs of two current programs in the organization in order to make allocation recommendations about how to best utilize the available resources to achieve the best possible outputs for the programs.
Instructions
This assessment has three main parts:
The first part is your examination of the organization’s current practices and alignments with historical health care trends, as well as how the organization needs to change to align itself with current and emerging
The second part is your analysis of two existing programs that could be candidates for further investment (Note: You may use two program examples from your textbook, your own research, or your own organization as the context for your analysis and this executive ).
The third part is your proposal on how to allocate resources for the two programs, as well as a brief explanation of how the views of the stakeholders influenced your decision making
If you have not already, it may be helpful to complete the formative activity to check your understanding of the economic concepts relevant to this assessment. BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments
Economic Elements in Health Care | Transcript.
Consult the scoring guide to make sure you are meeting the communication criteria and achieving your desired rubric level.
Part I: Current State of Organization and Potential Changes to Align with Trends
Describe the current state of a health care organization with regards to alignments to historical health care industry trends. (Competency 1 BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments)
For this, use either an organization that you currently or previously had worked for, have researched as an organization you would like to work for in the future, or one that was present in the textbook or other research you conducted.
Explain how a health care organization needs to change to better align itself with current trends in the health care industry. (Competency 1)
Continue using the organization that you described to meet the first scoring guide criteria.
Part II: Analysis of Current Programs
Analyze two current programs in a health care setting with regards to the inputs required to operate and its outputs with regards to health outcome rates and patients served. (Competency 3)
As noted in the instructions above, you may use program examples from your textbook, your own research, or your own organization. Be sure you choose examples for which you can report the inputs, outputs, and approximate patients served.
Part III: Resource Allocation and Stakeholder Reflections
Propose whether to reallocate, maintain, or increase funding for current programs based upon available resources and projects outputs. (Competency 4)
Use the two programs you analyzed in Part II. It will be helpful to cite evidence (literature, your textbook, or current health improvement initiatives [like those being pursued via your state’s Department of Health] to help support your proposals.
Explain how opinions and agendas of stakeholders influence decisions related to the funding of programs in a health care setting. (Competency 4) Make explicit reference to the stakeholders and their statements in the Scenario section for this assessment, or to specific examples from your current or former career experiences.
Additional Requirements
Written Communication: Prepare an executive summary free of errors that detract from the overall message. Writing must be clear, precise, and
BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments 3 Instructions: National Health Insurance in the United States
Create an 8-12-slide PowerPoint that presents a potential pathway and plan to implement a national health insurance program in the United States.
As you explore the physician services market and the hospital market, you will have an opportunity to explore concepts such as supplier-induced demand and cost shifting. The efficiency of physician and hospital services will be explored, as well as price competition of both physicians and hospitals. Since the price that a hospital or physician charges for services is rarely paid, you will have the opportunity to think about the relevance of price and why we even have prices today.
National health insurance is a highly debated topic in the United States. This assessment focus on creating an outline for a plausible national health insurance program, which will bring into consideration a number of factors, such as financing structure of national health insurance, and think about the advantages and disadvantages of a single-payer system, employee mandates, and refundable tax credits. You will have an opportunity to look at our neighbor, Canada, and compare the Canadian health system to that of the United States. What are some of the benefits of the Canadian health care system and do those benefits outweigh the costs, such as longer wait times? As you finalize your assessment you will pick a side—for or against—national health insurance.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
Competency 1: Analyze historical perspectives and current trends in the health care industry.
Explain how legislation has supported or failed to support national health insurance in the United States.
Competency 2: Assess the United States health care system from an economic perspective.
Analyze the implications of national health insurance on access, utilization, technological advancements, cost, and growth in the United States.
Competency 3: Analyze the evolving economic reimbursement trends, methods, and technology.
Explain the necessary reimbursement changes that would be required to transition to national health insurance in the United States.
Competency 4: Analyze how economic and stakeholder influences affect operational planning and decision making.
Explain the necessary operational changes that would be required to transition to national health insurance in the United States.
Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is consistent with expectations for health care professionals.
Write following APA style for in-text citation, quotes, and references.
Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
Context
For almost a century, the U.S. health care system has been a hot topic of debate and a central issue in all political agendas. Many argue that the United States should have national health insurance, similar to Canada, so care is accessible to everyone. Others argue that national health insurance leads to longer wait times and decreased quality.
Instructions
In this assessment, you will consider everything you have learned in this course, including the history of the U.S. health care system, reimbursement methodologies, technology, and operational concerns. Make an argument, grounded in research, for whether or not the United States should implement national health insurance. Reviewing the media piece National Health Care Trade-Offs | Transcript before beginning your assessment may help you to better understand what areas of a national health insurance program you believe are most important, as well as the trade-offs needed to pursue your priorities.
Also, make sure to consult the scoring guide to make sure you are meeting the communication criteria and achieving at your desired rubric level.
Create an 8–12 slide PowerPoint within the context of a brown bag session for colleagues at your current organization or an organization for which you would like to work. The goal of this session is to share innovations and ideas on a truly national health insurance system in the United States, as well as the legislative, economic, and logistical considerations and trade-offs of your plan.
Include the following in your PowerPoint:
Explain how legislation has supported or failed to support national health insurance in the United (Competency 1) BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments
Discuss the impact of Medicare and Medicaid on the health care
Determine the feasibility of expanding Medicare and Medicaid into a national health insurance available for all
Analyze the implications of national health insurance on access, utilization, technological advancements, cost, and growth in the United (Competency 2)
Identify access, utilization, technology, cost, and growth concerns resulting from national health
Analyze the pros and cons of national health insurance in the United States and determine the feasibility of national health insurance in the United States based on the pros and
Explain the necessary reimbursement changes that would be required to transition to national health insurance in the United (Competency 3)
Apply the reimbursement methods of national health insurance to the United States health care
Determine the feasibility of those reimbursement methods in the United States health care
Explain the necessary operational changes that would be required to transition to national health insurance in the United (Competency 4)
Apply the operational practices of national health insurance to the United States health care
Explain how the practices of physicians, hospitals, insurers, patients, and the government would each change to transition to national health
Determine the feasibility of those operational changes in the United States health care
Write following APA style for in-text citation, quotes, and (Competency 5)
Determine the proper application of APA formatting requirements and scholarly writing
Assess the relevance and credibility of information
Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and (Competency 5)
Apply the principles of effective
Determine the proper application of the rules of grammar and
Submission Requirements
Written and visual communication: Ensure content is clear, with correct spelling, grammar, and syntax, and well organized to support orderly exposition of content. The writing and visuals should enhance the message. Avoid errors that detract from the message.
PowerPoint slide formatting:
Write each slide, except the title and references slides, with a bold headline and up to seven bullet points. Use as few words in each bullet point as needed to convey your message. Think of them as subheadings. Enter all details and supporting information in the Notes area below the slides.
Length: Compose 12–18 slides.
References: Cite at least three current scholarly or professional resources.
APA formatting: Use APA style for references and citations. Remember to use in-text citation just as you would in a paper-style written assignment. You may find it helpful to consult the following resources: BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments
APA Style and Format.
SCORING GUIDE
Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.
VIEW SCORING GUIDE
Assessment 2 Instructions: The Supply and Demand of Health Care
Write 7-9 pages that compare different models of supply and demand, as well as analyze how legislation and reimbursement methods impact supply and demand for health care.
As we take a closer look at the demand side of economics, we will consider how need versus demand is different and how this impacts planning and policy in the health care environment. Demand is typically initiated by the patient; however, provider involvement significantly impacts demand. Since the patient is dependent on the provider for expertise and medical opinion, there is a risk that demand will be increased. This is unique to the health care industry since consumers are not typically as dependent on the supplier of a service in other industries when making a purchase.
Another important driver of demand is the insurance company. Patients initiate the health care service but are not responsible to pay the bill—and this has the potential to skew the demand curve. This is one of the ideas behind high-deductible health care and the effort to control the consumption of services by making the patient responsible for a higher percentage of the overall bill. Finally, you will be offered an opportunity to think about the implications of free medical care and how that may impact the demand for health care services. BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments
Like the demand curve, the health care field presents unique and interesting challenges to the supply of health care. You will be introduced to the concept of economic efficiency and the impact of inefficiencies on cost. The production function will be further explored, which is the relationship between the output of a product or service compared to the resources used to produce it (Feldstein, 2012). Competition, market structure, market performance, and public policies as they relate to the supply of health care services will be discussed as well.
The evolution of health care insurance has impact aspects health care economics such as price competition, medical loss ratios, and risk. As you prepare to complete the assessment consider the role that copays, coinsurance, and deductibles play on the demand curve and reflect on your opinions related to the effectiveness of high-deductible health plans in controlling the demand of health care services.
Reference
Feldstein, P. J. (2012). Health care economics (7th ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
Competency 1: Analyze historical perspectives and current trends in the health care industry.
Explain current legislative trends that influence the supply and demand of health care. Competency 2: Assess the United States health care system from an economic perspective.
Compare and contrast the demand of health care services with the demand of an automobile.
Compare and contrast the supply of health care services with the supply of an automobile. Competency 3: Analyze the evolving economic reimbursement trends, methods, and technology.
Analyze reimbursement methods that influence the supply and demand of health care services.
Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is consistent with expectations for health care professionals.
Write following APA style for in-text citation, quotes, and references.
Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
Context
The basic economic laws of supply and demand do not work the same way in the health care industry as they do in other industries. A few of the contributing issues include: demand cannot be restricted to only those with an ability to pay since health care is considered a basic human right (need versus demand), demand is increased due to a third party (insurance or government) that pays for the service, and our supply is limited based on a highly skilled human resource variable (physicians BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments).
Instructions
In this assessment, you will consider these contributing issues and others that you identify in your research as they relate to the free market. Compare and contrast the laws of supply and demand of the health care industry with that of the automobile industry and explain how the economic structure of the health care industry is different from other industries. Reviewing the following media pieces may help to solidify your understanding of the economic concepts and industries relevant to this assessment.
Health Care Supply and Demand | Transcript. Supply, Demand, & Reimbursement | Transcript.
Also, make sure to consult the scoring guide to make sure you are meeting the communication criteria and achieving at your desired rubric level.
Compare and contrast the demand of health care services with the demand of an automobile (Competency 2).
Identify the key contributing factors that determine demand of health care
Identify the key contributing factors that determine demand of an
Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of the demand curve of these two
Compare and contrast the supply of health care services with the supply of an automobile (Competency 2).
Identify the key contributing factors that determine supply of health care
Identify the key contributing factors that determine supply of an
Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of the supply curve of these two
Explain current legislative trends that influence the supply and demand of health care (Competency 1).
Explain how Medicare and Medicaid impact supply and demand of health care
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Medicare and Medicaid are government-funded programs that provide health insurance coverage to certain groups of people, such as those who are 65 or older (Medicare) or who have low incomes (Medicaid). These programs can impact the supply and demand of health care in a few ways:
Increase in demand: Because Medicare and Medicaid provide health insurance coverage to certain groups of people who may not have had it before, these programs can increase the overall demand for health care services. This is because people who have insurance are more likely to use health care services than those who do not.
Increase in supply: In order to meet the increased demand for health care services, providers may increase the supply of services they offer. This can lead to an overall increase in the number of doctors, hospitals, and other health care providers, as well as the number of treatments and procedures that are available.
Impact on prices: The government reimbursement rates for Medicare and Medicaid services are often lower than the rates for private insurance. This can lead to a reduction in prices for health care services, making them more affordable for those who are covered by these programs.
Impact on the healthcare providers: Medicare and Medicaid can impact the healthcare providers by providing them with a steady source of income and patients, but can also limit the income they make from these programs.
Medicare and Medicaid can increase the demand and supply of health care services, and can also impact the prices of these services. However, the reimbursement rate of these programs may not be sufficient for some healthcare providers.
Discuss the impact of the uninsured population on the supply and demand of health care
Analyze reimbursement methods that influence the supply and demand of health care services (Competency 3).
Identify the stakeholders who pay for health care
Analyze the impact of different reimbursement methodologies and payment models on the supply and demand of health care
Write following APA style for in-text citation, quotes, and references (Competency 5).
Determine the proper application of APA formatting requirements and scholarly writing
Assess the relevance and credibility of information
Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics (Competency 5).
Apply the principles of effective
Determine the proper application of the rules of grammar and
Submission Requirements
Written Communication: Prepare an assessment free of errors that detract from the overall message, with writing that is clear, precise, and scholarly. Concepts flow in a logical order. BHA-FPX 4112 Assessments
References: Cite at least three references from peer-reviewed journals, in addition to your text.
Length: Submit 7–9 pages.
APA: Use correct APA style and formatting. You may wish to use or consult the following: APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX].
APA Style Paper Template [DOCX]. APA Style and Format.
SCORING GUIDE
Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.
