CROSSCULTURAL STUDIES ON
PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS
CROSSCULTURAL STUDIES ON PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS
Are There More than Five Universal Traits?
Research documenting the robustness of the FFM of personality
traits around the world has clearly made a major contribution to
our understanding of personality organization and culture. Still,
there are several lines of research that challenge whether five
factors are enough. One of these challenges is that, because the
FFM was essentially created in the United States by American
researchers, it may be the case that its measurement is missing
other important factors not intended to be measured in the first
place.
Interpersonal Relatedness
One important line of research has been led by Fanny Cheung and
colleagues (2001). They began their work with the idea that the
FFM might be missing some important features of personality in
Asia, and specifically China. Specifically, they thought that none of
the FFM traits dealt well with issues of relationships, which are
central in China (as well as many cultures around the world). Thus,
they developed what they initially considered an indigenous scale
designed to measure personality in China that included the
following traits:

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