Class, that is the ultimate discussion board of the course. From our readings from Week Eight, we see that discipline of emergency administration together with the Incident Command System and NIMS have modified drastically through the years. The NIC has been developed to be able to guarantee that our incident administration methods are as environment friendly and efficient as attainable. Going ahead, there’ll inevitably be modifications that may positively influence our emergency response and catastrophe planning organizations. Previously 50 years we have now seen important modifications to the sphere of emergency administration in our nation. A few of the notable turning factors within the discipline of emergnecy administration embrace the next:
1974 – Catastrophe Reduction Act of 1974 – The Catastrophe Reduction Act of 1974 approved the president of the US to implement a program of catastrophe preparedness and aid Help that may allow use of all federal businesses. The Catastrophe Reduction Act of 1974 states that any federal help supplied depends upon the president authorizing such Help within the type of issuing a declaration.
1979 – FEMA is created.
1988 – Stafford Act – A part of the explanation for the change from the Catastrophe Reduction Act of 1974 to the Stafford Act was the truth that the federal authorities was involved about increasing catastrophe declarations past solely pure disasters, and this included different sorts of incidents equivalent to technological disasters (Three Mile Island in PA) and different situations exterior the scope of pure disasters. Terrorism shouldn’t be but included. Federal help might be requested by the state on behalf of both the native authorities or state authorities. Nevertheless, the request from the state should come from the governor.
2002 – Homeland Safety Act – The September 11, 2001 terrorist assaults resulted within the creation of the Division of Homeland Safety (DHS). FEMA is now included below the umbrella of DHS.
HSPD-5 established the Nationwide Incident Administration System (NIMS) and the Nationwide Response Plan (NRP).
HSPD-Eight established insurance policies to strengthen the preparedness of the US to stop and reply to threatened or precise home terrorist assaults, main disasters, and different emergencies by requiring a nationwide home all-hazards preparedness objective, establishing mechanisms for improved supply of Federal preparedness help to State and native governments, and outlining actions to strengthen preparedness capabilities of Federal, State, and native entities.
2005 – Publish-Katrina Emergency Administration Reform Act – the efficiency of FEMA and different emergency administration businesses throughout Hurricane Katrina leads to the Publish-Katrina Emergency Administration Reform Act (PKEMRA) of 2006. The act enhances FEMA’s duties and its autonomy inside DHS. Vital and significant modifications to FEMA had been made to extend preparedness ranges of the final inhabitants and Help in mitigation and resilience efforts. These modifications additionally included incident administration help groups, pre-positioning of sources, expedited federal companies, and together with concerns for people with particular wants.
2012 – Sandy Restoration Enchancment Act of 2013 – Hurricane Sandy was the primary main check for FEMA after Hurricane Katrina prompted the modifications seen within the PKEMRA. SRIA modifications the best way that FEMA can ship federal catastrophe help to survivors. Additional enhancements to catastrophe help are inluded within the Catastrophe Restoration Reform Act of 2018.
For this ultimate discussion board, examine and distinction the responses to Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Sandy (or one other hurricane of your selecting after Sandy). Ensure that to deal with the modifications to FEMA because of the PKEMRA of 2006. Report on two areas the place enhancements had been made within the response and incident administration between Katrina in 2005 and Sandy or one other hurricane occurring in 2012 or past. Additionally deal with the way you suppose ICS, NIMS and the sphere of emergency administration will proceed to adapt and alter to be able to meet future challenges
Have to be no less than 250 phrases supported by two references
