QUESTION 1 Week 4, Discussion Board 1 Instructor’s choice prompt option 1: Identify Three Fallacies Once you learn the names of the major logical fallacies, you will probably start noticing them all over the place, including in advertisements, movies, TV shows, and everyday conversations. This can be both fascinating and frustrating, but it can certainly help you to avoid certain pitfalls in reasoning that are unfortunately very common. This exercise gives you a chance to practice identifying fallacies as they occur in daily life. Prepare: To prepare to address this prompt, carefully read through Chapter 7 of our book, paying special attention to learning the names of common fallacies, biases, and rhetorical tricks. Take a look as well at the required resources from this week. Reflect: Search through common media sources looking for examples of fallacies. Some common places to find fallacies include advertisements, opinion pieces in news media, and arguments about politics, religion, and other controversial issues. You may also notice fallacies in your daily life. Write: Present three distinct informal logical fallacies you have discovered in these types of sources or in your life. Make sure to identify the specific fallacy committed by each example. Explain how the fallacies were used and the context in which they occurred. Then, explain how the person should have presented the argument to have avoided committing this logical error. Guided Response: Read the fallacies presented by your classmates and analyze the reasoning that they have presented. Respond in a way that furthers the discussion. For example, you might comment on any of the following types of questions: Have ever seen or fallen for similar fallacies in your own life? Are any of the cases presented also instances of some other type of fallacy? Is there a sense in which the reasoning might not be fallacious in some cases? What can people do to avoid falling for such fallacies in the future? Week 4 Fallacies and playing dirty.pdf QUESTION 2 Mark as ReadWeek 4 DB#2 Option Prompt 3 Parking Garage and Biases READ BEFORE PROCEEDINGInstructor Maass Email this Author7/6/2016 9:09:34 PM Week 4, Discussion Board #2 Instructor-choice prompt option #3 Parking Garage and Biases Biases affect all of us, and we are all prone to committing fallacious reasoning at times. This discussion allows us to investigate some of our own sources of biases and ways in which we may be prone to fall for fallacious reasoning. Prepare: Prior to answering this question, make sure that you have completed the “Parking Garage” and “Buying a Car” scenarios. Make sure to read Chapters 7 and 8 of our book, paying special attention to ways in which people are affected by biases (including the sections “Stereotypes” and “Purpose and Potential Bias” in Chapter 8). Reflect: Think about why you made the choices you made in each scenario. Do those choices tell you anything about yourself and the way that you think? Would you do anything different if you were to do it again? Write: Address your experiences in each scenario in the following posts: Part 1: Answer the following questions: Why did you take the route you did in the parking garage scenario? Did you notice that you had preconceptions about different types of people and situations? Could those types of preconceptions ever lead to problematic inferences? Part 2: In the Buying a Car scenario, did you feel that the salesman had ulterior motives? Did they lead him to have any biases in terms of he wanted you to purchase? Point out some of the biases that you have in real life. Are you am interested party when it comes to certain types of questions? How does that potentially cloud your judgment? Relate your answer to the content about biases in Chapter 8. Guided Response: Respond substantively to at least two of your classmates’ posts in a way that furthers the conversation. For example, you might let them know if you have had similar biases as they have had and the ways in which those biases have affected your life as well. You also might give some indication of the sense in which it is possible to overcome these biases to have a more neutral point of view. Would such a view help you make better decisions? Attention students: Keep in mind “bias” and this strong potential to “cloud our judgment.” Please be sure to read, carefully analyze, and thoughtfully reflect on each of these prompts: In the Buying a Car scenario, did you feel that the salesman had ulterior motives? Did they lead him to have any biases in terms of he wanted you to purchase? Point out some of the biases that you have in real life. Are you an interested party when it comes to certain types of questions? ** Perhaps because of the particular wording, this question confuses students as to intent. Bear in mind a situation, and consider the context as well as the players. We may have more at stake, a vested interest, etc., that is very much dependent on a particular outcome or decision. It is both a question of loyalties, gains/loses, and really an ethical matter to consider the good of others and not just “I, me, mine,” keeping only in mind stake/share holders. How does that potentially cloud your judgment? Relate your answer to the content about biases in Chapter 8.

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