NR 508 Final Exam Answers – Chamberlain College Of Nursing
NR 508 Final Exam Answers – Chamberlain College Of Nursing
Pattern Questions:
A number of Alternative
Establish the selection that greatest completes the assertion or solutions the Question Assignment.
____ 1. Nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by:
1. The Nationwide Council of State Boards of Nursing
2. The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration
three. The State Board of Nursing for every state
four. The State Board of Pharmacy
____ 2. The advantages to the affected person of getting an Superior Apply Registered Nurse (APRN) prescriber embody:
1. Nurses know extra about Pharmacology than different prescribers as a result of they take it each of their fundamental nursing program and of their APRN program.
2. Nurses look after the affected person from a holistic method and embody the affected person in determination making concerning their care.
three. APRNs are much less more likely to prescribe narcotics and different managed substances.
four. APRNs are in a position to prescribe independently in all states, whereas a doctor’s Helpant must have a doctor supervising their follow.
____ three. Medical judgment in prescribing consists of:
1. Factoring in the associated fee to the affected person of the medicine prescribed
2. At all times prescribing the most recent medicine obtainable for the illness course of
three. Handing out drug samples to poor sufferers
four. Prescribing all generic medicines to chop prices
____ four. Standards for selecting an efficient drug for a dysfunction embody:
1. Asking the affected person what drug they suppose would work greatest for them
2. Consulting nationally acknowledged pointers for illness administration
three. Prescribing medicines which are obtainable as samples earlier than writing a prescription
four. Following U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration pointers for prescribing
____ 5. Nurse practitioner follow might thrive beneath health-care reform due to:
1. The demonstrated capability of nurse practitioners to regulate prices and enhance affected person outcomes
2. The truth that nurse practitioners will be capable of follow independently
three. The truth that nurse practitioners can have full reimbursement beneath health-care reform
four. The power to shift accountability for Medicaid to the state degree
A number of Alternative
Establish the selection that greatest completes the assertion or solutions the Question Assignment.
____ 1. A affected person’s dietary consumption and laboratory outcomes mirror hypoalbuminemia. That is essential to prescribing as a result of:
1. Distribution of medicine to focus on tissue could also be affected.
2. The solubility of the drug is not going to match the location of absorption.
three. There can be much less free drug obtainable to generate an impact.
four. Medication sure to albumin are readily excreted by the kidneys.
____ 2. Medication which have a major first-pass impact:
1. Have to be given by the enteral (oral) route solely
2. Bypass the hepatic circulation
three. Are quickly metabolized by the liver and should have little if any desired motion
four. Are transformed by the liver to extra lively and fat-soluble kinds
____ three. The route of excretion of a unstable drug will seemingly be the:
1. Kidneys
2. Lungs
three. Bile and feces
four. Pores and skin
____ four. Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed intramuscularly (IM) to create a storage reservoir of the drug. Storage reservoirs:
1. Guarantee that the drug will attain its supposed goal tissue
2. Are the rationale for giving loading doses
three. Improve the size of time a drug is on the market and lively
four. Are commonest in collagen tissues
____ 5. The NP chooses to present cephalexin each eight hours primarily based on data of the drug’s:
1. Propensity to go to the goal receptor
2. Organic half-life
three. Pharmacodynamics
four. Security and unwanted side effects
____ 6. Azithromycin dosing requires that the primary day’s dosage be twice these of the opposite four days of the prescription. That is thought-about a loading dose. A loading dose:
1. Quickly achieves drug ranges within the therapeutic vary
2. Requires four- to five-half-lives to achieve
three. Is influenced by renal operate
four. Is immediately associated to the drug circulating to the goal tissues
____ 7. The time limit on the drug focus curve that signifies the primary signal of a therapeutic impact is the:
1. Minimal adversarial impact degree
2. Peak of motion
three. Onset of motion
four. Therapeutic vary
____ eight. Phenytoin requires that a trough degree be drawn. Peak and trough ranges are finished:
1. When the drug has a large therapeutic vary
2. When the drug can be administered for a short while solely
three. When there’s a excessive correlation between the dose and saturation of receptor websites
four. To find out if a drug is within the therapeutic vary
____ 9. A laboratory end result signifies that the height degree for a drug is above the minimal poisonous focus. Which means the:
1. Focus will produce therapeutic results
2. Focus will produce an adversarial response
three. Time between doses should be shortened
four. Period of motion of the drug is simply too lengthy
____ 10. Medication which are receptor agonists might show what property?
1. Irreversible binding to the drug receptor website
2. Upregulation with persistent use
three. Desensitization or downregulation with steady use
four. Inverse relationship between drug focus and drug motion
____ 11. Medication which are receptor antagonists, similar to beta blockers, might trigger:
1. Downregulation of the drug receptor
2. An exaggerated response if abruptly discontinued
three. Partial blockade of the results of agonist medicine
four. An exaggerated response to aggressive drug agonists
____ 12. Elements that have an effect on gastric drug absorption embody:
1. Liver enzyme exercise
2. Protein-binding properties of the drug molecule
three. Lipid solubility of the drug
four. Capacity to chew and swallow
____ 13. Medication administered by way of IV:
1. Must be lipid soluble so as to be simply absorbed
2. Start distribution into the physique instantly
three. Are simply absorbed if they’re nonionized
four. Might use pinocytosis to be absorbed
____ 14. When a medicine is added to a routine for a synergistic impact, the mixed impact of the medicine is:
1. The sum of the results of every drug individually
2. Higher than the sum of the results of every drug individually
three. Lower than the impact of every drug individually
four. Not predictable, because it varies with every particular person
____ 15. Which of the next statements about bioavailability is true?
1. Bioavailability points are particularly vital for medicine with slender therapeutic ranges or sustained-release mechanisms.
2. All manufacturers of a drug have the identical bioavailability.
three. Medication which are administered greater than as soon as a day have higher bioavailability than medicine given as soon as day by day.
four. Combining an lively drug with an inert substance doesn’t have an effect on bioavailability.
____ 16. Which of the next statements in regards to the main distribution obstacles (blood-brain or fetal-placental) is true?
1. Water soluble and ionized medicine cross these obstacles quickly.
2. The blood-brain barrier slows the entry of many medicine into and from mind cells.
three. The fetal-placental barrier protects the fetus from medicine taken by the mom.
four. Lipid-soluble medicine don’t go these obstacles and are secure for pregnant girls.
____ 17. Medication are metabolized primarily by the liver by way of part I or part II reactions. The aim of each of some of these reactions is to:
1. Inactivate prodrugs earlier than they are often activated by goal tissues
2. Change the medicine to allow them to cross plasma membranes
three. Change drug molecules to a kind that an excretory organ can excrete
four. Make these medicine extra ionized and polar to facilitate excretion
____ 18. As soon as they’ve been metabolized by the liver, the metabolites could also be:
1. Extra lively than the guardian drug
2. Much less lively than the guardian drug
three. Completely “deactivated” so they’re excreted with none impact
four. The entire above
____ 19. All medicine proceed to behave within the physique till they’re modified or excreted. The power of the physique to excrete medicine by way of the renal system could be elevated by:
1. Diminished circulation and perfusion of the kidney
2. Continual renal illness
three. Competitors for a transport website by one other drug
four. Unbinding a nonvolatile drug from plasma proteins
____ 20. Regular state is:
1. The purpose on the drug focus curve when absorption exceeds excretion
2. When the quantity of drug within the physique stays fixed
three. When the quantity of drug within the physique stays beneath the minimal poisonous focus
four. The entire above
____ 21. Two completely different ache medicines are given collectively for ache aid. The drug—drug interplay is:
1. Synergistic
2. Antagonistic
three. Potentiative
four. Additive
____ 22. Actions taken to cut back drug—drug interplay issues embody the entire following EXCEPT:
1. Decreasing the dosage of one of many medicine
2. Scheduling their administration at completely different occasions
three. Prescribing a 3rd drug to counteract the adversarial response of the mixture
four. Decreasing the dosage of each medicine
____ 23. Section I oxidative-reductive processes of drug metabolism require sure dietary parts. Which of the next would cut back or inhibit this course of?
1. Protein malnutrition
2. Iron-deficiency anemia
three. Each 1 and a pair of
four. Neither 1 nor 2
____ 24. The time required for the quantity of drug within the physique to lower by 50% known as:
1. Regular state
2. Half-life
three. Section II metabolism
four. Diminished bioavailability time
____ 25. An agonist prompts a receptor and stimulates a response. When given regularly over time, the physique might:
1. Upregulate the entire variety of receptors
2. Block the receptor with a partial agonist
three. Alter the drug’s metabolism
four. Downregulate the numbers of that particular receptor
____ 26. Drug antagonism is greatest outlined as an impact of a drug that:
1. Results in main physiological and psychological dependence
2. Is modified by the concurrent administration of one other drug
three. Can’t be metabolized earlier than one other dose is run
four. Results in a decreased physiological response when mixed with one other drug
____ 27. Directions to a consumer concerning self-administration of oral enteric-coated tablets ought to embody which of the next statements?
1. “Keep away from some other oral medicines whereas taking this drug.”
2. “If swallowing this pill is tough, dissolve it in three ounces of orange juice.”
three. “The pill could also be crushed in case you have any problem taking it.”
four. “To attain greatest impact, take the pill with a minimum of eight ounces of fluid.”
____ 28. The foremost motive for not crushing a sustained-release capsule is that, if crushed, the coated beads of the medicine may probably end in:
1. Disintegration
2. Toxicity
three. Malabsorption
four. Deterioration
____ 29. Which of the next substances is the probably to be absorbed within the intestines moderately than within the abdomen?
1. Sodium bicarbonate
2. Ascorbic acid
three. Salicylic acid
four. Glucose
____ 30. Which of the next variables is a think about drug absorption?
1. The smaller the floor space for absorption, the extra quickly the drug is absorbed.
2. A wealthy blood provide to the realm of absorption results in higher absorption.
three. The much less soluble the drug, the extra simply it’s absorbed.
four. Ionized medicine are simply absorbed throughout the cell membrane.
____ 31. A bonus of prescribing a sublingual medicine is that the medicine is:
1. Absorbed quickly
2. Excreted quickly
three. Metabolized minimally
four. Distributed equally
____ 32. Medication that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism might:
1. Induce the metabolism of one other drug
2. Inhibit the metabolism of one other drug
three. Each 1 and a pair of
four. Neither 1 nor 2
____ 33. Therapeutic drug ranges are drawn when a drug reaches regular state. Medication attain regular state:
1. After the second dose
2. After 4 to 5 half-lives
three. When the affected person feels the total impact of the drug
four. One hour after IV administration
____ 34. Upregulation or hypersensitization might result in:
1. Elevated response to a drug
2. Decreased response to a drug
three. An exaggerated response if the drug is withdrawn
four. Refractoriness or full lack of response
