Nursing Theories for Nurse Educators
Nurses working collectively and studying as a group
Nurse educators develop supportive frameworks for affected person care utilizing nursing theories based mostly on scientific proof and legitimate information. These theories present methods and approaches which are vital in educating the subsequent era of healthcare professionals.
Nurse educators create curricula based mostly on sound academic rules, analysis, and concept to help pupil nurses in growing the information and expertise needed to supply care. Nursing concept pervades nearly each facet of nursing schooling, particularly for registered nurses (RNs) transitioning to the subsequent stage of their careers as superior observe registered nurses (APRNs).
“Dated and untested administration methods aren’t helpful and may even be an obstacle to offering secure affected person care,” Josefina I. Alejandro, DNP, wrote in “Classes realized by nursing concept,” which was revealed in Nurse2018. “Nevertheless, when supported by proof, theories in observe stay eternally present.”
Nursing academic theories, along with nursing science and pedagogical expertise, include vital data for RNs contemplating careers as nurse educators. College students pursuing a grasp’s diploma in nursing schooling on-line at Duquesne College learn the way grand theories will help nurses turn out to be higher educators and caregivers.
Main Nursing Academic Theories
Nursing theories could be utilized to a variety of conditions. Nevertheless, main nursing packages, together with Duquesne College’s program, incorporate grand theories into the grasp’s in nursing curriculum. Grand theories are considered the theoretical framework that helps nursing rules and key ideas.
Nursing Principle of Self-Care
The Self-Care Nursing Principle (also referred to as the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Principle) was developed by Dorothea Orem and focuses on the nurses’ position in aiding sufferers in changing into self-sufficient and accountable for their very own care. The idea is predicated on the concept that to be able to present ample self-care, individuals have to be educated about their well being issues. The idea is made up of three interconnected theories: the self-care concept, the self-care deficit concept, and the nursing programs concept.
Orem said that she based mostly her concept on her nursing observe in addition to present nursing literature and thought. All through her profession, she revealed a number of books that explored and expanded on her concept, reminiscent of Guides for Growing Curricula for Sensible Nurse Schooling and Nursing: Ideas of Apply.
Principle of Cultural Care
As a nurse, Madeleine Leininger observed a spot in nursing and affected person care as a consequence of an absence of cultural and care information. She developed transcultural nursing and the Cultural Care Principle because of her experiences to be able to examine and clarify the outcomes of transcultural nursing.
Leininger’s concept emphasizes offering care that’s appropriate with a affected person’s cultural beliefs, practices, and values. She coined the phrase “culturally congruent care” within the 1960s, which is the first aim of transcultural nursing. Understanding the next are a few of the elementary tenets of transcultural nursing:
Cultural care range and universality discuss with the variations and similarities between cultures.
Dimensions of cultural and social construction, which embrace elements reminiscent of faith, social buildings, and economics that distinguish cultures.
Cultural care preservation or upkeep refers to nursing care actions that help particular cultures in preserving core cultural values associated to healthcare.
Humanistic Nursing Principle
The Humanistic Principle, also referred to as the holistic method, seeks to combine psychological and emotional well being with bodily well being. The idea assumes that sufferers develop in wholesome and inventive methods. This nursing method, developed by APRNs Josephine Paterson and Loretta Zderad, views every affected person as a person who requires customized care.
Paterson and Zderad created 5 phases of nursing, often known as phenomenological nursing, to associate with the Humanistic Principle:
Nurses put together for “coming to know” or start an investigation.
Nurses type a “I-You” relationship with their sufferers to be able to perceive them and use their intuitive information.
Nurses apply scientific information and set up a subject-object or “I-It” relationship, permitting them to mirror on their very own experiences and contextualize them for the present scenario.
Nurses mix their information to turn out to be a supply of regularly altering data.
Nurses transition from the “many to the paradoxical one” to be able to apply information in a medical setting.
Interpersonal Relationship Principle
Hildegard Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Principle, developed in 1952, emphasizes the importance of the nurse-patient relationship. Nurses can present higher care to their sufferers in the event that they set up sturdy bonds based mostly on mutual respect. Peplau’s concept progresses in three levels:
Orientation: A affected person’s wants provoke the nurse-patient relationship. The nurse walks the affected person by the remedy course of and solutions questions.
Working: Because the nurse-patient relationship grows, the affected person focuses on expressing his or her reactions to the sickness and turns into an energetic participant in care.
Termination: The nurse Helps the affected person in following by on the care offered and returning to a traditional productive life.
All through the phases, the nurses play quite a lot of roles, together with useful resource individual, trainer, surrogate, and counselor.
Principle of Want
The nursing Want Principle, developed by Virginia Henderson, an RN who was inducted into the American Nurses Affiliation Corridor of Fame, focuses on a nurse’s position in aiding sufferers to keep up well being, get well from accidents, or die peacefully. In her work, she emphasised the significance of nurses specializing in the affected person somewhat than the physician.
Henderson, thought-about the mom of recent nursing care, outlined 4 primary wants for sufferers to reside independently: psychological, physiological, social, and non secular:
Speaking and coping with fears are examples of psychological wants.
Physiological necessities embrace consuming and sleeping.
Worship and religion are examples of non secular wants.
Social necessities embrace leisure actions.
Nursing Analysis: Survey and Assessment and Nursing Research Index, each revealed in 1964 and 1972, have been amongst Henderson’s notable works.
Nursing Theories Utilized by APRNs
In accordance with healthcare professionals, APRNs pursuing careers as nurse educators should use nursing theories as a basis for each day observe on a small and huge scale, from the affected person’s bedside to group well being nursing.
The affect of Magnet-recognized hospitals, in keeping with Alejandro’s Nurse2018 journal article, makes studying and making use of academic theories in nursing vital to attaining optimistic affected person outcomes. “When our sufferers and their households, in addition to these in different healthcare professions, ask why we do what we do,” she says, “we will cite the nursing theories and theorists who information us in our career.”
College students at Duquesne College pursuing a profession as nurse educators use theories to information each facet of their nursing schooling and profession. College students pursuing an internet grasp’s diploma in nursing schooling study academic theories in nursing as a framework for all future healthcare work. The Grasp of Science in Nursing program at Duquesne College is designed to Help registered nurses transition from medical care to the classroom.
