Part 1: Biology Lab
1. Fill in the diagnostic characteristics (ancestral traits) used in the phylogenetic tree (Check the File attached) (Three paragraphs: One paragraph for “a and b”, One paragraph for “c and d”, and One paragraph for “e,f and g”)
One paragraph
a.
b.
One paragraph
c.
d.
One paragraph
e.
f.
g.
2. Describe the characteristics of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) (Five paragraphs)
One paragraph
a.Type of skeleton
b. Presence of swim bladder
One paragraph
c. Presence of operculum
d. Presence of lateral line system
One paragraph
e. Presence of Ampullae of Lorenzini
f. Presence of fins
One paragraph
g. Presence of gills
h. Type of scales
One paragraph
i. Reproduction
j. Provide at least three examples using scientific names. For example, the scientific name of a yellowtail damselfish is written like this: Microspathodon chrysurus.
3. Describe the characteristics of bony fishes (Osteichthyes) (Five paragraphs)
One paragraph
a.Type of skeleton
b. Presence of swim bladder
One paragraph
c. Presence of operculum
d. Presence of lateral line system
One paragraph
e. Presence of Ampullae of Lorenzini
f. Presence of fins
One paragraph
g. Presence of gills
h. Type of scales
One paragraph
i. Reproduction
j. Provide at least three examples using scientific names. For example, the scientific name of a yellowtail damselfish is written like this: Microspathodon chrysurus.
4. Identify similarities & differences between these two fish groups using the Venn Diagram (check file attached) Hint: the center circle should encompass the traits that define all fish.(Two paragraphs)
a. Hint
b. Differences
c. Similarities
5. Compare the similarities and differences between amphibians and reptiles (One paragraph)
a. Presence of scales
6. Compare the similarities and differences between amphibians and reptiles (One paragraph)
a. Metamorphosis
7. Compare the similarities and differences between amphibians and reptiles (One paragraph)
a. Presence and use of gills and lungs
8. Compare the similarities and differences between amphibians and reptiles (One paragraph)
a. Type and care for eggs
9. Elaborate on why reptiles were the most successful animal on Earth during this time. (One paragraph)
10. Describe the function of a bird (Three paragraphs)
One paragraph
a. Abdominal air sac
b. Anterior thoracic air sac
One paragraph
c. Cervical air sac
d. Clavicular air sac
One paragraph
e. Posterior thoracic air sac
f. Lungs
11. Why do you think heart rates are so different across bird species? (One paragraph)
12. What structures do other chordates have that replace the function of the gizzard found in birds?(One paragraph)
13. How does the size of the hindbrain in birds compare to the size of the hindbrain in mammals and why is there a difference? (One paragraph)
a. How does a bird’s vision compare to a human’s vision?
14. Describe something that mammals have in common with birds.(One paragraph)
15. Describe the Pig structures (Two paragraphs)
One paragraph
a. Arrector pili
b.Large intestine
One paragraph
c.Nictitating eyelid
d. Wharton’s jelly
16. Explain what are the five functions of bones(One paragraph)
17. Explain what meconium is made of? (One paragraph)
18. What makes up the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system? Explain (One paragraph)
19. What is responsible for mammal sleep cycles? (One paragraph)
Part 2: Biology Lab
1. Fill in the diagnostic characteristics (ancestral traits) used in the phylogenetic tree (Check the File attached) (Three paragraphs: One paragraph for “a and b”, One paragraph for “c and d”, and One paragraph for “e,f and g”)
One paragraph
a.
b.
One paragraph
c.
d.
One paragraph
e.
f.
g.
2. Describe the characteristics of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) (Five paragraphs)
One paragraph
a.Type of skeleton
b. Presence of swim bladder
One paragraph
c. Presence of operculum
d. Presence of lateral line system
One paragraph
e. Presence of Ampullae of Lorenzini
f. Presence of fins
One paragraph
g. Presence of gills
h. Type of scales
One paragraph
i. Reproduction
j. Provide at least three examples using scientific names. For example, the scientific name of a yellowtail damselfish is written like this: Microspathodon chrysurus.
3. Describe the characteristics of bony fishes (Osteichthyes) (Five paragraphs)
One paragraph
a.Type of skeleton
b. Presence of swim bladder
One paragraph
c. Presence of operculum
d. Presence of lateral line system
One paragraph
e. Presence of Ampullae of Lorenzini
f. Presence of fins
One paragraph
g. Presence of gills
h. Type of scales
One paragraph
i. Reproduction
j. Provide at least three examples using scientific names. For example, the scientific name of a yellowtail damselfish is written like this: Microspathodon chrysurus.
4. Identify similarities & differences between these two fish groups using the Venn Diagram (check file attached) Hint: the center circle should encompass the traits that define all fish.(Two paragraphs)
a. Hint
b. Differences
c. Similarities
5. Compare the similarities and differences between amphibians and reptiles (One paragraph)
a. Presence of scales
6. Compare the similarities and differences between amphibians and reptiles (One paragraph)
a. Metamorphosis
7. Compare the similarities and differences between amphibians and reptiles (One paragraph)
a. Presence and use of gills and lungs
8. Compare the similarities and differences between amphibians and reptiles (One paragraph)
a. Type and care for eggs
9. Elaborate on why reptiles were the most successful animal on Earth during this time. (One paragraph)
10. Describe the function of a bird (Three paragraphs)
One paragraph
a. Abdominal air sac
b. Anterior thoracic air sac
One paragraph
c. Cervical air sac
d. Clavicular air sac
One paragraph
e. Posterior thoracic air sac
f. Lungs
11. Why do you think heart rates are so different across bird species? (One paragraph)
12. What structures do other chordates have that replace the function of the gizzard found in birds?(One paragraph)
13. How does the size of the hindbrain in birds compare to the size of the hindbrain in mammals and why is there a difference? (One paragraph)
a. How does a bird’s vision compare to a human’s vision?
14. Describe something that mammals have in common with birds.(One paragraph)
15. Describe the Pig structures (Two paragraphs)
One paragraph
a. Arrector pili
b.Large intestine
One paragraph
c.Nictitating eyelid
d. Wharton’s jelly
16. Explain what are the five functions of bones(One paragraph)
17. Explain what meconium is made of? (One paragraph)
18. What makes up the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system? Explain (One paragraph)
19. What is responsible for mammal sleep cycles? (One paragraph)
