Present an example of inductive reasoning. Comment on the strength of the inference. State a premise that could be added that, if true, would strengthen the inference. Now list another premise that could be added that would weaken it again. Now add another premise that could be added to strengthen it yet again. Continue this process even more times if you are enjoying the process and find it interesting.
Example of inductive reasoning:
Premise 1: Every time I eat peanuts, I get a rash.
Premise 2: Today I ate peanuts.
Conclusion: Therefore, I will probably get a rash today.
Comment on the strength of the inference: The inference is weak because it is based on a single observation, and there could be other factors that influence whether or not the person gets a rash.
Premise that could be added to strengthen the inference:
Premise 3: I have eaten peanuts many times in the past, and I have always gotten a rash.
This strengthens the inference because it adds more observations to support the conclusion.
Premise that could be added to weaken the inference:
Premise 3: I ate peanuts yesterday and did not get a rash.
This weakens the inference because it shows that there are times when the person eats peanuts and does not get a rash.
Premise that could be added to strengthen the inference again:
Premise 4: I have been tested for peanut allergy and was found to be allergic.
This strengthens the inference because it provides additional evidence that the person’s allergy to peanuts is a causal factor in the development of the rash.
Premise that could be added to weaken the inference again:
Premise 4: I recently started using a new soap that may be causing the rash.
This weakens the inference because it introduces an alternative explanation for the rash that has nothing to do with the person’s peanut allergy.
Premise that could be added to strengthen the inference even further:
Premise 5: I consulted with a doctor who confirmed that my rash is likely caused by my peanut allergy.
This strengthens the inference because it adds the authority of a medical professional to support the conclusion.
