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THE PRACTICE OF SAFE MOTHERHOOD: CAN EDUTAINMENT BE THE WAY FORWARD?
INTRODUCTION
The Safe Motherhood idea was delivered worldwide to result in discount in maternal mortality. This idea has been profitable to some extent however it has been found that Nigeria is but to satisfy its 75% goal of curbing mortality by yr 2015 to its lowest ebb. Regardless of the Safe Motherhood initiative in Nigeria, pregnant and Put up-partum ladies particularly these within the rural communities nonetheless do not need a good disposition to practising secure motherhood. This may very well be in consequence of poor data of these ladies in regards to the idea of secure motherhood (Igbokwe and Adama, 2011).
Nonetheless, Mass Media as channels of mass communication is to tell, educate and persuade its viewers to simply accept new concepts and applied sciences to boost their dwelling circumstances. Edutainment is a type of communication used for the aim of entertaining and training to create social change. Edutainment makes use of in style leisure akin to dramas, folklores, documentaries, speak exhibits and discussions to sort out social points for the aim of inciting change and promote optimistic angle. Soul Metropolis Institute (2013) additional defines edutainment as:
any communication mission that units out to make use of in style tradition to coach and problem folks. Edutainment is just not a concept however a method to result in particular person and social change. It makes use of in style leisure codecs to sort out severe social points in an revolutionary and entertaining approach
Singhal and Rogers (1999) factors out that “Leisure-through tv, radio and music is one of the best communication methods for reaching the general public to advertise household planning and different public well being points”. Due to this fact, mass media can form well being beliefs of folks whereas selling data and consciousness of well being messages. The Mass media play a significant function in folks’s on a regular basis lives. That is evident in how routine it has develop into to look at tv, take heed to the radio, surf the web, and skim newspapers and magazines. Tv as a significant software of info dissemination and leisure packages is a veritable software for mass training. Since it’s a visible medium, ladies can see examples of the assorted household planning strategies out there and secure well being practices will be demonstrated throughout edutainment programmes. Additionally, tv has the capability to succeed in bigger teams of ladies concurrently thus, serving to to facilitate and create consciousness amongst ladies on prevention and methods to deal with well being points they’re plagued with.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Discount in maternal deaths has develop into the key preoccupation of stakeholders in maternal well being immediately as evidenced by its frequent look in most developmental aims on this planet immediately. Additionally it is the fifth objective within the Millennium Growth Targets (MDGs).
World Well being Group (WHO) citing Graham signifies that “the ladies dying are of their prime of life: they’re essential to society and the financial system; they maintain the subsequent era; they make up greater than half the workforce”. The dialogue paper of Tinker et al (2000) reported that “ladies’s low socioeconomic standing and reproductive function expose them to dangers of poor well being and untimely demise”. They assert, additional, that Ladies’s reproductive biology, mixed with their decrease socioeconomic standing, leads to ladies bearing the higher burden from unsafe intercourse which incorporates each infections and the issues of undesirable being pregnant.
Through the years, ladies in Nigeria and Africa, at massive, have been plagued with well being points akin to excessive mortality in childbirth. To fight maternal morbidity/mortality and different well being points that ladies face, there’s the necessity for high quality reproductive well being companies, akin to medical care which incorporates household planning, secure being pregnant, supply care, remedy and prevention of sexually transmitted infections, akin to HIV and AIDS. Kalyani (2007) notes that whereas well being points on ladies are rampant and on the rise, the angle of ladies in direction of searching for info on their well being is low with little executed in analysis about how ladies search info pertaining to their well being.
Research have revealed additional that not all ladies perceive and are in a position to course of the well being messages they arrive throughout. An instance is the Findings from the Nationwide Grownup Literacy Survey which point out that “nearly half of the U.S. grownup inhabitants has restricted literacy expertise, and one-quarter is functionally illiterate”. Flores, Weber, Kilker, Dang and Lindsey (2007) observe that that is in order Well being info typically contains “technical phrases and ideas which might be exhausting to know, regardless of one’s stage of training or literacy”. Nonetheless, studying, understanding, and utilizing well being info could be a troublesome job for these with restricted literacy expertise. Thus, the necessity for media programmes on well being, as media reduce throughout literacy stage. To cut back these well being challenges to their lowest ebb, tv as a medium of leisure and knowledge search to maintain the ‘girl’ educated and knowledgeable. There may be the necessity for media training on well being in consequence of the complexity and inhabitants of the Nigerian society which well being employees can’t deal with alone.
Targets of the examine
The final goal of this examine is to look at the extent to which edutainment programmes on the printed media have helped in selling the follow of secure motherhood. Different aims are:
- To find out if pregnant and post-partum ladies via Well being edutainment programmes on the printed media have the data of Safe Motherhood.
- To search out out if pregnant and post-partum ladies follow the well being messages on Safe Motherhood they watch or take heed to.
Analysis Questions
- To what extent do pregnant and post-partum ladies have the data of Safe Motherhood in consequence of well being edutainment programmes on the printed media?
- What’s the angle of pregnant and post-partum ladies to the follow of Safe Motherhood?
Scope of the examine
This thrust of this examine is to analyze the extent to which edutainment programmes on the printed media have helped in selling the follow of secure motherhood. This examine will cowl pregnant and post-partum ladies in Ilisan Neighborhood throughout the ages 15 to 49 years of age. Ilisan group is a city situated in Ikenne Native authorities space of Ogun state. It’s a group that has a quantity of her feminine populations is both illiterate or semi-literate. Additionally it is a group that has a excessive price of teenage being pregnant.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Safe Motherhood
Geefhuysen (2000) defines Safe Motherhood as is the “end result of companies for ladies from the start of life and the power to decide on when to develop into pregnant”. The idea of secure motherhood contains taking crucial steps when making ready to get pregnant akin to enough preparation for the well- being of the mom and the rising fetus earlier than conception and taking acceptable measures to make sure profitable supply. The aim of Safe Motherhood initiative is to determine when to get pregnant via the use of contraceptive to advertise household planning, forestall maternal mortality by saving for potential maternal emergency whereas receiving healthcare supply service from a educated supplier. That is affirmed by Igbokwe and Adama (2011) who identified that “secure motherhood is geared toward stopping maternal and prenatal mortality and morbidity. It additionally enhances the standard and security of ladies’s dwell via the variation of mixture of well being and non- well being methods”
Maternal mortality
The problem of maternal mortality has been a rising concern to world leaders and stakeholders on this discipline. “Maternal mortality is a single most vital well being situation dealing with obstetricians, gynecologists and Nigerians” (Society of Obstetric and Gynecology of Nigeria- SOGON). This downside arises from unequal energy between women and men in sexual relationships which expose ladies to involuntary intercourse, undesirable being pregnant, and sexually transmitted infections together with HIV and AIDS (Tinker, Finn and Epp, 2000). The world maternal ratio additionally necessitated the 5th Millennium Growth Targets to have diminished maternal mortality ratio (MMR) by yr 2015. The latest report by United Nations Fund for Inhabitants Actions UNFPA (2014) exhibits that:
Globally, the maternal mortality ratio dropped by 45 per cent between 1990 and 2013, from 380 to 210 deaths per 100,000 dwell births. Worldwide, nearly 300,000 ladies died in 2013 from causes associated to being pregnant and childbirth. Maternal demise is generally preventable and way more must be executed to supply care to pregnant ladies.
Well being Messages and Edutainment Programmes
Yahaya, Fadairo and Ogunele (2009) clarify that info, leisure and training are crucial to ladies. Due to this fact, well being communicators ought to all the time embrace some parts of info, training and leisure of their well being and different growth messages focused at ladies in an effort to appeal to or achieve their consideration. They summarised from their examine in Lagos that ladies skilled a severe enchancment in data and a optimistic change of their well being behaviour in consequence of watching and listening to varied well being programmes on Leisure-Education channels. As an example, 61.2% indicated severe enchancment in data, whereas 59.eight% had a optimistic change of their well being behaviour as a result of programmes on household planning on tv and radio respectively. Additionally Farhana & Ahmed (2008), of their report, affirms that mass media methods that mix leisure with well being training are notably efficient in producing behaviour modifications. This they found of their findings on a cleaning soap opera in Tanzania “Twende na Wakati” (Let’s Go along with Instances) “which has influenced about one- fourth of its listeners to undertake household planning strategies and HIV/ AIDS prevention whereas 65.5% of the members stated they mentioned being pregnant and maternal well being points after the marketing campaign”
Additionally, a number of research, Singhal and Rogers, 1999; Brown and Singhal, 1999 and Tufte, 2002 level out that Leisure-through tv is one of the best communication methods for reaching out to the general public to advertise social change. Singhal and Rogers (1999) additionally notes that tv cleaning soap operas, in style music, avenue theatre and comedian books have all been used to coach the general public about such well being points as household planning, HIV and AIDS prevention, environmental well being, feminine equality, improved sanitation, feminine genital mutilation (Singhal, Rogers, 1999). Findings from their examine confirmed that entertainment-education in growing international locations affirm that the technique modifications conduct.
Methodology
Design: The structured questionnaire for the survey was designed in English however the knowledge collectors have been educated to interpret the questions within the native dialect. The design is taken into account acceptable as a result of the examine will primarily give attention to folks.
Setting: The examine was carried out in Ilisan Remo, Ogun State. Ilisan is a group situated in Ikenne native authorities space of the state. It has a major well being care middle, a instructing hospital owned by Babcock College and some different privately owned hospitals that present medical care. Ilisan even have a pair of Conventional Start Facilities which an important quantity of pregnant ladies go to.
Process: a complete of 110 copies of the questionnaire have been distributed. The copies of the questionnaire have been administered at houses, outlets, the market place, personal places of work, hospitals, establishments, church buildings and mosques. 100 have been returned and analysed utilizing descriptive statistics akin to frequency tables and percentages.
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