Substance Use. In at least 500 words please answer the following questions using scholarly research
Describe substance/chemical use addictions and include a specific example of a substance addiction.
Describe the implications of substance/chemical dependency.
Describe process/behavioral addictions and include a specific example of a process addiction.
Describe the implications of process/behavioral dependency.
Describe the similarities and differences for each.
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Substance/chemical use addictions refer to a pattern of compulsive and harmful use of psychoactive substances, such as drugs or alcohol, despite negative consequences. These addictions are characterized by a strong desire to consume the substance, loss of control over its use, and continued use despite adverse consequences. A specific example of a substance addiction is alcohol use disorder (AUD), which involves a problematic pattern of alcohol consumption leading to significant impairment or distress (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, n.d.).
The implications of substance/chemical dependency are vast and can affect various aspects of an individual’s life. Physically, substance abuse can lead to health problems, such as liver damage, heart disease, and neurological disorders. Psychologically, it can result in mood disorders, anxiety, and cognitive impairments. Socially, substance dependency can strain relationships, lead to job loss, and contribute to financial difficulties. Moreover, substance abuse can increase the risk of accidents, violence, and criminal behavior (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2020).
Process/behavioral addictions, on the other hand, involve compulsive engagement in non-substance-related behaviors or activities that provide a rewarding experience. These addictions share similar characteristics with substance addictions, such as loss of control, preoccupation with the behavior, and continued engagement despite negative consequences. A specific example of a process addiction is gambling disorder, which is characterized by persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to significant impairment or distress (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
The implications of process/behavioral dependency can also be severe and wide-ranging. Physically, these addictions may lead to sleep disturbances, poor nutrition, and other health issues related to neglecting self-care. Psychologically, they can result in mood disorders, anxiety, and feelings of guilt or shame. Socially, process addictions can damage relationships, lead to job loss, and cause financial problems. Additionally, they can increase the risk of engaging in illegal activities to support the addictive behavior (Grant, Potenza, Weinstein, & Gorelick, 2010).
There are several similarities and differences between substance/chemical use addictions and process/behavioral addictions. Both types of addictions involve a loss of control, preoccupation with the addictive behavior, and continued engagement despite negative consequences. They also share similar neurobiological mechanisms, such as the activation of the brain’s reward system and alterations in dopamine function (Potenza, 2008).
However, there are also key differences between the two types of addictions. Substance/chemical addictions involve the consumption of psychoactive substances, which can directly affect the brain and lead to physical dependence. In contrast, process/behavioral addictions do not involve the ingestion of substances but rather focus on compulsive engagement in rewarding activities. Additionally, the physical health consequences of substance addictions are often more severe and directly related to the substance being abused, whereas the physical health consequences of process addictions are typically indirect and related to neglecting self-care (Sussman, Lisha, & Griffiths, 2011).
In conclusion, substance/chemical use addictions and process/behavioral addictions share several similarities, such as loss of control, preoccupation, and continued engagement despite negative consequences. However, they differ in their focus on substance consumption versus compulsive behavior and the nature of their physical health consequences. Both types of addictions can have severe implications for individuals, affecting their physical, psychological, and social well-being.
