Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is a pedagogical approach that promotes hands-on, active learning by presenting real-world problems for students to investigate and solve. It is widely used in higher education and K-12 settings and is believed to improve critical thinking, problem-solving skills, motivation, and the ability to transfer knowledge to new situations. PBL was first introduced […]

Behaviorism: A Stimulus-Response Worldview Behaviorism is a psychological worldview that emerged in the early 20th century. It is based on the principle that all behavior is caused by external stimuli, and that internal mental states or consciousness are not necessary to explain behavior. This paper will explore the key concepts of behaviorism, its major contributors, […]

Introduction: Understanding Social Proof Social proof is a psychological phenomenon that describes how people often mirror the actions and opinions of others. In other words, people’s decisions are often influenced by the preferences and modeling of individuals or groups around them. Muzafer Sherif (1906-1988), a psychologist, was the first to describe social proof in scientific […]

Dopamine, Games, and Motivation Dopamine plays a significant role in regulating our motivations to pursue rewards or avoid consequences. Our previous understanding linked dopamine to pleasure, but we now recognize that the presence of dopamine in the brain is not necessarily linked to our liking or not liking certain things. Instead, it plays a role […]

Experiential Learning (Kolb) David A. Kolb’s experiential learning theory is a cyclical model of learning that combines experience, perception, cognition, and behavior. It builds upon the work of John Dewey and Kurt Levin and posits that knowledge is created through the transformation of experience. This paper will examine Kolb’s theory, including its four stages of […]

Cognitive Theory Of Multimedia Learning (Mayer) – Learning Theories & Models Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning: An Overview The cognitive theory of multimedia learning, developed by Richard Mayer, is based on the idea that humans can process and learn information more effectively through the use of both auditory and visual channels rather than through the […]

Flipgrid: Video Discussion Tool For Fostering A Community Of Learners – Media & Technology Theories Flipgrid: Fostering a Community of Learners through Video Discussions The divide between educational theory and practice has long been a criticism of the field. However, educational technology has the potential to bridge this gap by designing instruction that aligns with […]

Mindset Theory: Understanding Fixed vs. Growth Mindset (Dweck) – Identity Theories Do intelligence and other traits come from innate and fixed factors or are they variable factors that can be influenced through learning, effort, training, and practice? Carol S. Dweck, a psychologist at Stanford University, proposed mindset theory to understand the effects of people’s beliefs […]

Kantian Ethics: The Importance of Moral Perspective, Will, Duty, and Freedom Kantian ethics emphasizes the conception and development of a moral standpoint, which is crucial to understanding the moral subject and its duties and responsibilities. Kant posits a perspective that equalizes all subjects into equal moral agents and holds them to universalizable moral and ethical […]

The Role of Change and Chaos in Science Concepts and its Implications for Society This paper analyzes two short films, “Deep Dive” and “Leadership and the New Science,” to explore the concept of change and chaos in the natural environment and its relationship with human activity and relationships. Both films highlight the significance of change, […]