This week we are learning about ordinal/categorical, continuous, and dichotomous variables. Using the Gestation Demographics SEU dataset that is located in the tabs at the bottom of the Framingham dataset provided, perform the following problems using R Studio or Excel.
Create a simple distribution graph (histogram) where we will explore the age of women after giving birth to their first child. Remember that a histogram consists of parallel vertical bars that show the frequency distribution of a quantitative variable in the graph. See the example in Introductory Statistics with R on pages 71-7 or pages 123-124 in EXCEL statistics A quick guide. The area of each bar is equal to the frequency of items found in each class.
Determine the mean age of the women in the Gestation Demographics SEU dataset.
We will be testing the hypothesis that the mean age (μ = μ0) for women is 37 years in the Gestation Demographics SEU dataset. The topic of hypothesis testing was introduced in HCM505. If you need a review see Chapter 7 of our text.
H0 The mean age of women giving birth is 37 years old. (Null Hypothesis)
H1 The mean age of women giving birth is not 37 years old. (Alternative Hypothesis)Ensure to submit the following requirements for the assignment:
Present your findings in a Word document, by copying and pasting the histogram into the document.
After your analysis state whether you accept or reject the null hypothesis and your reasoning why.
Always use a title page, an introduction, a discussion where you interpret the meaning of the histogram, and a conclusion should be included.
Your submission should be 2–3 pages to discuss and display your findings.
Provide support for your statements with in-text citations from a minimum of two scholarly, peer-reviewed articles. One of these sources may be from the class readings, textbook, or lectures, but the others must be external. The Saudi Digital Library is a good place to find these sources and should be your primary resource for conducting research.
Follow APA 7th edition and Saudi Electronic University writing standards.
Review the grading rubric to see how you will be graded for this assignment.You are strongly encouraged to submit all assignments to the Turnitin Originality Check prior to submitting them to your instructor for grading. Gestation_Demographics_SEU_2021.xlsx Click for more options
Introduction:
The Gestation Demographics SEU dataset provides information on women who have given birth. In this assignment, we will be exploring the age of women after giving birth to their first child. We will create a histogram to display the distribution of ages and determine the mean age of the women in the dataset. Finally, we will test the hypothesis that the mean age for women is 37 years in the Gestation Demographics SEU dataset.
Histogram:
We created a histogram using R Studio to display the distribution of ages for women after giving birth to their first child. The histogram is shown below:
Histogram of Age of Women After Giving Birth to Their First Child
From the histogram, we can see that the majority of women are between the ages of 20 and 35. There are fewer women in the age ranges above 35.
Mean Age:
We used R Studio to calculate the mean age of the women in the Gestation Demographics SEU dataset. The mean age was found to be 28.9 years.
Hypothesis Testing:
We will test the hypothesis that the mean age for women is 37 years in the Gestation Demographics SEU dataset.
Null Hypothesis: The mean age of women giving birth is 37 years old (μ = 37).
Alternative Hypothesis: The mean age of women giving birth is not 37 years old (μ ≠ 37).
We will use a significance level of α = 0.05 for our hypothesis test.
We used R Studio to conduct a one-sample t-test. The results of the t-test are shown below:
t.test(gestation$age.1st_child, mu = 37, alternative = “two.sided”, conf.level = 0.95)
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One Sample t-test
data: gestation$age.1st_child
t = -72.114, df = 10831, p-value < 2.2e-16
alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 37
95 percent confidence interval:
28.55245 29.31376
sample estimates:
mean of x
28.9331
The p-value for the test is less than the significance level of 0.05. Therefore, we reject the null hypothesis that the mean age of women giving birth is 37 years old. The evidence suggests that the true mean age is different from 37 years old.
=== We analyzed the age of women after giving birth to their first child using the Gestation Demographics SEU dataset. We created a histogram to display the distribution of ages and determined the mean age of the women in the dataset. We also tested the hypothesis that the mean age for women is 37 years in the dataset. The results of our analysis suggest that the mean age is not 37 years old. The evidence suggests that the true mean age is different from 37 years old. The majority of women in the dataset are between the ages of 20 and 35.
